It’s predicted usage of SAF can reduce emissions by up to 80%. However, there are significant challenges in scaling up the production of SAF to meet ambitious decarbonization goals by 2030 and 100% SAF usage goals by 2050.

One of the main SAF scalability challenges lies in finding the most economical and sustainable feedstock and pathways for production. There are challenges as well in standardizing production pathways globally as each region and part of the world is unique in what feedstocks are available.

Today, while SAF availability accounts for approximately only 0.1% of all jet fuel used worldwide, there's a big question that must be answered as more and more airlines and airports consider integrating SAF into their operations: what needs to happen for airports to successfully handle the transition?

Infrastructure

Transitioning to SAF involves more than just production scalability ­— transportation, distribution and infrastructure logistics require heavy consideration. Airports should work closely with their airline partners in communicating goals for the implementation of SAF and in developing a good understanding of their unique fuel supply systems and what additional infrastructure is necessary.

Currently, 100% SAF cannot be used for fueling aircraft; it must be blended with traditional Jet-A fuel at a maximum ratio of 50%. Large capital investment for the build-out of blending facilities may include additional storage tanks: one dedicated for 100% SAF product, one for blending and potentially one for traditional Jet-A fuel depending on the location of the facility and accessibility to fuel sources. Airports and owners must weigh the benefits of blending locations, whether on airport grounds or closer to SAF production facilities. Invested industry parties have largely advocated for SAF blending hubs to be located at strategic locations upstream of airports.

In addition to blending facilities, other infrastructure may be needed, including pipelines for distribution and transportation resources such as rail and trucking for loading and offloading supply.

Costs and Funding

SAF currently can range from two to eight times the cost of traditional Jet-A fuel, posing another challenge for airlines and airports. Incentives, like federal and state tax credits and subsidies, are critical in advancing SAF adoption. Available incentives can help fund production and the additional infrastructure needed. Strategic planning and partnerships utilizing professionals who are familiar with the incentives available are key to overcoming financial barriers and successfully implementing SAF as a part of airports operations.

Technology and Collaboration

The evolution and wide-ranging parameters of SAF are complicated. Airport owners need to establish strong strategic partnerships with airlines, fuel suppliers, government agencies and other airports in order to tackle logistic, infrastructure and cost barriers. Innovative technology through different production processes and feedstock conversions have been instrumental in shaping the SAF landscape, with no clear proven approach established to date. Airlines, airports and other stakeholders have taken various approaches when investing in the research and development of SAF. It will take collaboration from key players in production, logistics and end-use to continue advancing the technology and implementation of SAF.

The Route Ahead

The reality is SAF is still in its infancy, with very few airports using it broadly. Consultants can play a valuable role in helping airports navigate the complexities of SAF adoption. They can greatly aid in early feasibility studies, regulatory compliance, supply chain logistics, and capital investment planning utilizing available incentives through production and emission reductions. Consultants with industry knowledge in production, transportation and airport fueling infrastructure are key in understanding all the pieces of the SAF adoption process in order to overcome challenges.